Tampilkan postingan dengan label Perempuan. Tampilkan semua postingan
Tampilkan postingan dengan label Perempuan. Tampilkan semua postingan

Kartini Poso : Cerita Para Perempuan Tangguh Poso



Menggunakan kruk kayu yang dibuat oleh suaminya, Widya berjalan keliling dari satu rumah ke rumah yang lain. Dia membawa informasi yang diperolehnya dari proses bertanya kepada kepala desa. “Kita berhak mendapatkan layanan masyarakat, tidak boleh diabaikan oleh pemerintah desa” Hak layanan masyarakat yang dimaksudkan Widya adalah layanan raskin dan jamkesmas. Dua tahun program berjalan di desanya, Widya dan sekelompok warga miskin baru mendapatkan akses setelah Widya mengunjungi kantor desa untuk mempertanyakannya. Keberanian Widya berasal dari pengetahuan yang baru dimilikinya setelah mengikuti kelas sekolah perempuan Mosintuwu di kurikulum hak layanan masyarakat. Idenya  mengadvokasi dengan bertanya, diperolehnya dari proses belajar ketrampilan berbicara dan bernalar. Perjalanannya berkeliling dari satu rumah ke rumah lain berhasil mendorong kepercayaan diri warga untuk memperjuangkan hak layanan masyarakat. 


Widya adalah salah satu dari ratusan perempuan di Poso yang saat ini menjadi pembaharu desa. Hadrah, dari Desa Tokorondo adalah contoh lainnya. Bermodalkan pengetahuan tentang ekonomi solidaritas di kelas sekolah perempuan, Hadrah mengorganisir para perempuan di desanya untuk mengembangkan bank sampah. “ Saya tidak perlu menjadi pejabat di dalam desa, yang penting pengetahuan apa yang saya peroleh di kelas sekolah perempuan dapat berguna bagi masyarakat di sekitar saya” tegasnya. Bagi Hadrah, kepemimpinan perempuan bukan terletak pada menjabatnya seseorang pada struktur pemerintahan tapi pada seberapa jauh hal yang dilakukannya bisa membantu sesama. Dengan bank sampah yang diinisiasinya, Hadrah bukan hanya memberi lapangan pekerjaan baru tapi juga meminimalisir kerusakan lingkungan dari konsumsi sampah plastik.


Lain halnya dengan Martha, kepala dusun perempuan pertama kalinya di Desa Kilo, kecamatan Poso Pesisir. “Saya ingin mempengaruhi kebijakan dalam desa dengan berada di dalam struktur pengambil keputusan, paling tidak di lingkungan dusun” ujarnya. Prosesnya berhasil menjadi kepala dusun bukan hal yang mudah. Pada saat pencalonan, Martha didemo oleh sebagian anggota masyarakat yang tidak mendukung adanya perempuan dalam struktur kepemimpinan desa. Pandangan patriaki ini ditentang oleh Martha dengan berhadapan langsung para pendemonya dan menyampaikan pandangannya tentang hak perempuan memimpin dalam desa. 


“Justru karena saya didemo, saya diingatkan dengan kurikulum perempuan dan politik di kelas sekolah perempuan “ jelasnya. Kurikulum ini mendorong Martha untuk memastikan partisipasi aktif perempuan dalam pengambilan keputusan di desa menjadi sangat penting agar mengakomodir suara dan kebutuhan perempuan dan kelompok marjinal. Ketika menjabat sebagai kepala dusun, Martha memperjuangkan anggaran untuk kelompok perempuan serta layanan kesehatan yang lebih layak.


Memastikan uang tidak keluar dari desa, dan mengusahakan uang bisa masuk ke dalam desa. Salah satu prinsip dalam kurikulum ekonomi solidaritas ini menjadi motivasi Yuspina, Marce, Martha dan Yeni serta banyak perempuan lainnya. Yuspina, misalnya belajar membuat batako dengan memanfaatkan pasir yang kaya dari sungai Korodolo di Desa Tabarano. Marce dan Herlina di Desa Bancea, mempopulerkan kembali kopi Kojo yang sudah lama diabaikan, sebuah kopi asli yang tumbuh di Poso sejak tahun 1912 . 


Di dunia pendidikan, ada Eva dari Desa Ratoumbu, yang membuka kembali sekolah PAUD untuk memberikan akses pendidikan bagi anak-anak di desanya yang tergolong terpencil karena sulitnya akses jalan. Begitu juga Helpin di Desa Tiu yang mendorong adanya Paud dan mengelola perpustakaan keliling. 


Tak luput dari perhatian para perempuan akar rumput di Poso ini adalah kasus kekerasan terhadap perempuan dan anak. Velma Riri dari Desa Gintu, Lore Selatan, melampaui keterbatasan fisiknya dengan mengadvokasi kasus kekerasan terhadap perempuan dan anak. Velma mengunjungi korban dan meyakinkan keluarga untuk tidak membiarkan perilaku kekerasan. Hal yang sama dilakukan oleh Marlice di Desa Ratoumbu, ibu Irna di Pandayora dan lainnya. Mereka adalah para perempuan akar rumput yang tinggal di desa, menggumuli persoalan di desa, dan mencoba dengan caranya yang unik , dengan segala keterbatasannya untuk mengatasi persoalan-persoalan desa.


Bercermin dari Akar Rumput


Akar rumput adalah istilah yang digunakan oleh Institut Mosintuwu untuk mendeskripsikan keberpihak kepada kelompok marginal , tetapi juga menunjukkan roh gerakan yang mengakar dan menghidupi ekosistem di sekitarnya. Widya, Martha, Velma, Hadra, Marce, Helpin dan lainnya adalah para perempuan akar rumput yang tinggal di desanya, menggumuli persoalan di desa dan mencoba dengan caranya yang unik dan dengan segala keterbatasannya untuk mengatasi persoalan-persoalan di desanya. 


Cerita mereka menunjukkan perbedaan yang tajam dari narasi-narasi yang dibangun atau dikampanyekan oleh para calon legislatif ( pun yang berjenis kelamin perempua ). Mereka gelisah dengan hak layanan masyarakat, mempertanyakan maraknya kasus kekerasan terhadap perempuan yang tidak kunjung selesai, menciptakan cara untuk mengatasi pengangguran, menunjukkan kepedulian kepada alam dan kebudayaan. Kegelisahan yang disertai dengan upaya untuk mencari jawaban inilah yang tidak dipunyai oleh para politisi, pun yang perempuan dan yang mengaku memperjuangkan kesetaraan gender.


Cara mereka menemukan jawaban atas kegelisahan yang dihadapi dengan sangat mencolok membedakannya dengan bagaimana pemerintah daerah mengatasi persoalan dalam masyarakat. Kebutuhan lapangan pekerjaan tidak serta merta direspon dengan mendatangkan investor yang sudah pasti akan mengeksploitasi sumber daya alam, berikutnya sudah dipastikan akan merusak lingkungan yang seharusnya menjadi warisan bergenerasi. Cerita ibu Yuspina, Marce dan Herlina menggambarkan bagaimana membangun perekonomian masyarakat desa bukan sekedar membuka lapangan pekerjaan tapi berakar pada modal alam dan serta merta bersolidaritas dengan alam, sehingga tidak mengeksplitasinya. 


Penyelesaian kasus kasus kekerasan terhadap perempuan dan anak jauh dari rapalan sekedar doa dan nasehat yang bias dan tidak berpihak pada pelaku. Sebaliknya, korban didampingi untuk menjadi penyintas yang memperjuangkan haknya dan menjadi orang yang secara aktif ikut dalam gerakan anti kekerasan. 


Tujuan yang hendak dicapai dari semua aksi pembaharuan yang sedang dilakukan oleh perempuan akar rumput ini bukanlah keterkenalan, juga bukan kehidupan ekonomi yang mapan. Mengutip Hadrah “ sebaik-baiknya manusia, adalah mereka yang berguna bagi sesamanya” Sebuah kutipan dari Hadits Nabi. 


Martince Baleona, anggota sekolah perempuan Mosintuwu yang sekarang aktif bergabung mengorganisir sekolah pembaharu desa dengan tegas menyampaikan alasannya “ Saya sudah menerima dampak perubahan yang luar biasa pada diri saya setelah mengikuti kelas sekolah perempuan, saya bermimpi lebih banyak perempuan dapat mentransformasi dirinya untuk memperjuangkan haknya dan memperjuangkan hak orang lain”. 


Kisah Widya yang tidak berhenti pada mengadvokasi hak layanan masyarakat bagi dirinya sendiri adalah salah satu cerita yang menggambarkan arah gerakan para perempuan akar rumput ini. Sementara mereka yang mengatasnamakan wakil rakyat sibuk merancang proyek-proyek yang sedapatnya menguntungkan, para perempuan akar rumput ini berjuang di garis sunyi, memperjuangkan kedaulatan masyarakat.


Saya beruntung dan diberkati belajar dan berproses dengan mereka, mencipta dan berjuang. 


Hari Kartini, 24 April 2019, mengangkat cerita perempuan tangguh akar rumput ini menjadi cermin bagi perjuangan kedaulatan rakyat oleh perempuan di Poso.

We Can’t Wait: How Women and Youth of Faith can Lead Peacebuilding

I come from an area of Indonesia called Poso that has been struggling to overcome communal conflict, terrorism, corruption, and governmental brutality. The murder of two police officers by Islamic militants in the jungles of Sulawesi, and the subsequent crackdown by the government against anyone they suspected to be involved reignited the cycle of conflict. For a community which has been working together for years to overcome violence, hatred, and distrust between religious groups these action threatened to open up old wounds.
While statements came from religious leaders, police, and politicians for the citizens to remain calm, calls that have been repeatedly issued for nearly 15 years, we the women of the grassroots movement Mosintuwu, a Chapter of World Faith decided we’ve had enough. In a dramatic scene, we demonstrated in streets while fighting between communities occurred not more than a hundred meters away.
These women are not religious, political, or cultural leaders. Until very recently, they were a vast untapped resource of interfaith peace building, busy cooking in their kitchens and raising their children. These women, many of them still housewives of various religions, ethnicities, and backgrounds, have banded together to say what the people of Poso have been wanting to say for years: “Stop making Poso a place of conflict between religious militants and police, then spreading false rumours in the media that the conflict is between Muslims and Christians.”
The world agrees now that investing in women and girls can make dramatic improvements in global development, but as of yet, they continue to be left out of religious and interfaith dialogue, which is still almost completely dominated by men. But these women realise that this is their moment in Poso to take control and make themselves part of the dialogue. Talk about peace and justice is meaningless without the involvement of women and children, and an interfaith stance is the key to uniting the community for peace and justice. Faith gives confidence in humanity; that every person, regardless of religion, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, is human. These women have realized this and have seen how violence continues to hamper society and faith in Poso.
I understand that we are not alone in this struggle. When I founded Mosintuwu, I reached out to collaborate with whoever I could find. As part of this journey, I connected with World Faith, which is focused on interfaith youth in action. Their vision is that young people of faith can counter violence through volunteering in development projects, such as education, public health, and women’s empowerment. We’re proud to be a part of this movement. But we know peace building is even bigger than just us alone. Peace One Day represent an opportunity to take this work outside of our communities and across boundaries, even if just for a single day.

The key to our work is not just to come and talk about how we can make peace. We emphasize working together and in that process, learning each other’s stories to come to a greater understanding of people from other faiths and backgrounds. It is important to expand the peace campaign that has been conducted by grassroots communities in post-conflict areas, to be heard by the outside world, strengthening this movement for peace and reconciliation. Joining together with Peace One Day is also intended as a demonstration of support to the international community from those in post-conflict Poso, showing them the importance of peace around the world, and the importance of involving all sectors of society including men, women and children in the peace process.


Women: a Negotiating Room to Reconcile Memory in Conflict Poso

 Oleh : Lian Gogali

Violent conflict has weakened the structure of social life built for years in the community. The consignment of thousands of troops by TNI/Polri to restore security, meetings in the community level, meetings among the local leaders, and a number of judicial trials to death sentences have been obviously conducted by the government with strong assumption that peace can be reached.In fact, reconciliation is still not attained. I strongly assume and verify some facts that reconciliation in Poso disregards the feeling of loss, bitterness, regret, memory, revenge as well as trauma in conformity with the feeling of distrust and suspicion infiltrating into the memory and shaping attitude and image of someone. In bigger scale, they have constructed identity of a community in the post of conflict. This construction becomes such a trigger producing larger conflict and or continuing in the post of open conflict. It is actually a key point to be considered in reconciliation.This research-based writing is to highlight how memory and narratives of the victims particularly women, on the Poso conflict generate an alternative way to articulate the conflict itself and function as “a negotiating room” for peace principally deconstructing the memory of the conflict so that peace building among or in the community in the post of conflict can be reached. Speaking about reconciliation from the narratives of women enables the community to share their hatred and distrust feeling binding up with the initiative to live together in bitter regret.Why women? The research I conduct shows that they are different from men who tend to focus on the numbers of the victims. Women’s narratives are the articulation of living victimization describing dominant discourses on conflict between religion groups. They are also the ones who initially create a peace process rooting from the living importance. This alternative reconciliation emphasizes that speaking about reconciliation without providing a room of justice basing on the narratives of the victims is nothing. In other words, reconciliation without the victimization narratives is political attempt to disregard the memory of the victims, to hide it just as dust under the carpet.

Women: “Negotiating Rooms” for the Reconciliation of Memory

Reconciliation often become the keyword in the conflict resolution among the conflicted parties. This word assumes the parties involved in the conflicts have agreed on the peace-making effort and therefore can live together (Hayner, 2001). However, seeing the complexities of suffering and the memory of women and reconciliation can be reached only when the layers of memory are put away no matter hard it is. Yet, talking about reconciliation, there is a hope to grow while re-examining the memory of the women. The memory of women imagine something possible in the reconciliation that is the reconciliation of memory.

By assuming that the discussions on conflicts are in the connecting cycle of the moments in the past, arranging life in the present and peaceful hope in the future so in the subject of reconciliation, memory cannot be abondoned. The way women tell their narratives show the rooms of negotiation for the reconciliation of memory by stressing on the victimization. The reconciliation of memory gives meaning on the peace rooting from the memory of losing life causing borderless victimization. It is the memory of borderless victimization in life causing people in the society to make peace with themselves, communities, or with others. So, there is no “them” and “us” but we are the victims.

So far, the memory on conflicts is about “them” and “us” so that they are trapped in the claim as victims. The fight on the claim as victims has caused the society in the post conflict arrange their lives separated from other communities or different “them” so that it keeps the hate, bitter vengeance emerging anytime although it is not always hidden in the surface. Building reconciliation and assuming the society arranging life in the post conflict with the awareness on the victimization and that it will continue until the next generation in different ways. This awareness will stimulate the society to discuss on the peace life together throught the communal practices divulging prejudice bit by bit toward other communities. The reconciliation of memory at first takes individuals to re-examine the past in the frame of victimhood. Everyone is asked to give a room for oneself to be honest and open, questioning whether it is true that the one sacrifices is only the Christian or Muslim group. Will life be better if bitterness is kept to be a block of vengeance? Isn’t it not only “kitorang[1]” but also “dorang[2]” or it is us who become the victims in Poso conflict, no claims since sacrifice is not seen from the statistical numbers that they lose their lives

The reconciliation of memory is not simply based on the sacrifice in life but rooting from the society and therefore becomes the property of the society, in public spaces, whenever, whereever in the society in various activities. It is not a popular discourse (may be it is weird to hear). In this case, talking about the reconciliation of memory also considers one of the biggest challenges that is divulging the dominant discourses ignoring the sacrifice by opening rooms for the silent voices. The involvement of mass media in the publication, the analysis on Poso conflicts, the policy in managing conflict are other discussion rooms transforming the process of the reconciliation of memory happened in the society. In its turn, it assumes the society in the post conflict which is aware on the sacrifice to determine on their own the tapestry in the future together without being in political game or certain group since they have their own lives.

The memory of women and they way they remember bring into a finding that there is an appalling and striking difference between the narratives of women and men. The women remember in details until the small parts of an incident happened on them or in their surrounding and give meaning completely in their comprehension arrangement of their lives in the post conflict. Most of the men tell Poso conflicts in big narratives around the things they consider as the root of conflicts, the relation among communities, and the political reality following the conflicts and the causes. For women, the impact of the conflicts closely related to life-cycle. The narratives of losing, killed or missing children, torture, the times of pengungsian are the unforgettable things in the lives of women. They learn and remember in deeper ways than men. The narratives of women are on the losing of a life not simply the conflicts themselves.

Looking back the stories of women described that conflict not only about chronology, list of detriment and financial lost but more than that about life-cycle with victimhood. They stories become hazy or blurr dominant discourse of conflict Poso, break through discipline of history or based on conflict. The stories of women to give forth different way to look, watched and to understanding Poso conflict. The stories will enrichment perspective of poso conflict with seeing how women understanding all their memories. This memories about victimhood will curve the reality of the conflict it self. In other words, reality as a discourse effect.

Narrative from the memories of women are step beginning to efforts memory deconstruction about POso conflict. That is cause women talk about conflict in life-cycle, and life-cycle is human being. How come?

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(for a better explaination, please read my new Book: Poso Conflict; Voices of Women and Children to Reconcile Memory (in Indonesia), Galang Press, 2009. You can find it in book store in java.i am waiting for your respond, critic, and argument...)